Sexual intercourse without birth control for a year or more that does not result in a pregnancy could mean something is interfering with your efforts to have a child. It could be infertility, which is also known as subfertility. Infertility is the inability to conceive a child within one year. The cause for infertility may be you, your partner or a combination of things.
Infertility is not sterility. Sterile means you are unable to conceive a child and the problem lies either within you or your partner. The diagnosis of infertility just means that becoming pregnant is a challenge rather than it being impossible.
Signs or symptoms of infertility are rarely experienced. Men who have hormonal problems might have a change in voice or pattern of hair growth, or enlargement of breasts, or difficulty with sexual function. Women who experience infertility may have irregular menstrual periods or experience pain during menstruation and/or intercourse.
If one would be able to see the entire process from ovulation and fertilization you might wonder how things ever go right. The human reproductive process is complex. For things to go right, the processes of ovulation and fertilization need to work perfectly.
Although the cause of infertility can involve one or both partners, for many couples, the male partner is either the sole or a contributing cause. Multiple factors can account for difficulty with fertility.
Causes of male infertility include:
o Abnormal sperm production or function
o Impaired delivery of sperm
o Conditions related to a man's general health and lifestyle
o Overexposure to certain environmental elements
Most cases of male infertility are due to sperm abnormalities that include:
o Impaired shape and movement of sperm
o Absent sperm production in testicles
o Low sperm concentration
o Varicocele
o Undescended testicle
o Testosterone deficiency
o Klinefelter's syndrome
o Infections
Problems with delivery of sperm from the penis into the vagina can cause infertility. These problems include:
o Sexual issues
o Retrograde ejaculation
o Blockage of epididymis or ejaculatory ducts
o No semen (ejaculate): This can occur in men with spinal cord injuries or diseases.
o Misplaced urinary opening
o Anti-sperm antibodies
o Cystic fibrosis
General health and lifestyle may affect fertility such as:
o Emotional stress
o Malnutrition
o Obesity
o Cancer and its treatment
o Alcohol and drugs
o Other medical conditions
o Age (a gradual decline in fertility is common in men older than 35).
Other factors that may cause male infertility include:
o Pesticides and other chemicals
o Testicular exposure to overheating
o Substance abuse
o Tobacco smoking
A medical exam may be advisable if you and your partner have been trying regularly to conceive for at least one year without a successful pregnancy. If you have low sperm count or a history of testicular, prostate or sexual problems, consider seeking a medical exam for infertility problems.
Further complications of being infertile may include:
o Depression
o Guilit
o Anger
o Stress
o Disappointment
o Resentment
o Blame
o Fear of losing partner because of infertility
o Diminished confidence and self-esteem
Treatment for infertility depends on the case, the duration of the problem, the age of the partners and their wishes. Not all causes for infertility can be corrected. There are various other ways a woman can still become pregnant which involves insemination or embryo transfer.
Source: Mayo Clinic
Disclaimer: *This article is not meant to diagnose, treat or cure any kind of a health problem. These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Always consult with your health care provider about any kind of a health problem and especially before beginning any kind of an exercise routine.
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